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Legionella can colonize water distribution lines and building plumbing, contaminating water supplies after it has been centrally treated. The bacteria may be harbored in slimy coatings known as biofilms on pipe interiors, where it is protected from sufficient contact with disinfectants. All that is needed to colonize a pipeline is a few Legionella bacteria organisms. These may enter the pipeline as “escapees” from the water treatment process, “intruders” at water main breaks, or “stowaways” at the time of pipe installation
Legionella thrives in water temperatures in the range of 77 Fº to 130 Fº (25-55 Cº ) a range that includes decorative wall fountains and outdoor fountain recirculation systems. Ponds around or used by the facility as decorative also need to be closely monitored for bacteria and legionella CFU levels. Data shows outbreaks occur just as often in these fountains and ponds around the US.
It is paramount to monitor and put a building management plant in place for your shower heads, and showering piping system located within your facility. In a South Dakota hospital, which was not identified, 26 cases of Legionnaires' disease developed from 1985 to 1988. Ten patients died. Showering was the only exposure risk identified in all cases. Scientists isolated Legionella pneumophila bacteria from shower heads in the patients' rooms and confirmed the shower systems were the contamination access point.
CDC studies find Legionella in 84% of all Cooling Towers located in the United States. Making treatment & monitoring an essential part of your overall water treatment program. Cooling towers provide ideal environments for bacteria to harbor and this bacteria increases the risk of Legionella contamination.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data shows that 19 of 33 (58%) waterborne disease outbreaks reported in 2009-2010 were associated with Legionella in plumbing systems or drinking water distribution systems. Drinking water supply lines in buildings become contaminated with Legionella and can harm anyone who drinks from these contaminated lines.
Legionnaires' disease has been associated with domestic hot-water systems in a number of outbreaks. Large water heaters like those used in hospital or industrial settings frequently contain cool zones near the base where cold water enters and scale and sediment accumulate. Legionella is a complex bacteria that is known to survive hot water temperatures and the effects of Chlorine. Scale & Sediment growth, Temperature and "Dead Legs" in the system piping will facilitate growth.
cases of Legionnaire's disease were reported in the US in 2015. Legionnaire's disease is underdiagnosed.
legionella is contracted through the inhalation of Legionella contaminated water mist/droplets.
Legionella is found naturally in fresh water environments, like lakes and streams. Therefor Legionella contamination of Municipal water supplies is also common. Keeping Legionella out of water systems in buildings is key to preventing infections & outbreaks.
Bacteria are microscopic organisms that are invisible to the naked eye and can be seen only through the use of a microscope. Bacteria when in ideal conditions will grow, if you put legionella on an agar plate and incubate it for 7 – 10 days with a temperature range of between 20˚C and 50˚C, a colony will form of millions of bacteria that you will be able to see. Constant treatment and monitoring are essential in combating bacteria spread in water sources.
Legionella bacteria can withstand Chlorine treatments administered by Municipal water treatment agencies at waster water treatment plants. Allowing legionella to pass into your building's water streams via municipal supply. Constant testing and treatment is the only way to ensure building Legionella CFU levels are in proper ranges.
Legionella can infiltrate a legionella free supply line through piping breaks and main water breaks. These breaks in the piping allow microbiological matter to enter the piping as well as bacteria and surrounding surface waters. Surface waters contain Legionella naturally.
A Legionnaires’ outbreak in Flint Michigan's potable water was linked to corrosive tap water. The corrosion and iron leaching in the drinking pipe supply lines allowed deadly legionella bacteria to flourish. Water Treatment for overall system corrosion control is also essential to minimizes chances of Legionella contaminations.
Chemenergy's Ashrae 188 compliant building water treatment programs utilize chemical formulations that eliminate Legionella bacteria formation and growth. Altering bacteria's molecular form to inhibit growth in your piping systems, cooling towers and other water sources.
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